范文為教學中作為模范的文章，也常常用來指寫作的模板。常常用于文秘寫作的參考，也可以作為演講材料編寫前的參考。范文怎么寫才能發揮它最大的作用呢？以下是我為大家搜集的優質范文，僅供參考，一起來看看吧

明確寫作思路篇一

1、與出口商建立業務關系的思路及信的結構安排

在與出口商建立業務關系時，應明確出口商的產品與本公司所需要的產品是否相吻合，然后提出自己針對產品的要求和貿易條件，同時也可以做簡單的自我介紹，讓出口商更了解本公司的情況及信譽。要特別明示交易內容、條件，信用保證，并希望對方也告知這些條件，同時表示強烈交易愿望。

dear sirs,we owe your name to the first commercial bank at your end, through whom we understand that you are well experienced in the export of engineering equipment with take this opportunity to introduce ourselves as one of the importers buying various kinds of machines......upon receipt of......, we shall see what items are of interest to us and pass our enquiries to anticipate the pleasure of hearing from you in the near future.2、資信調查信函的寫作步驟及常見表達方式：

（1）直截了當地說明寫信的意圖

they state that they have done business with you for the past two years and have given us the name of your company as a reference.（他們向我們表示，他們在過去的兩年中與您有過生意來往，并且指定貴公司作為他們的證明人。）

（2）說明想要調查的細節和原因

we should be very grateful to you for any information you can give us about their reputation and credit-worthiness.（我們非常感激您能給予我們有關他們的聲譽和資信情況的情報。）we should be obliged if you would let us know if …（如果您能告知我們……，我們將不勝感謝。）

（3）保證保守秘密

any information we receive from you will, of course, be held in strict confidence.（我們從您處收到的任何信息定會嚴加保密。）

3、詢盤的業務思路及信的結構安排

去函給對方索取某項商品的目錄、樣本、樣品，或者了解有關交易條件。信要求簡短、清楚、切題。如果如果初次向對方發出詢盤，要做簡單的自我介紹，讓對方了解自己公司的信譽情況。

開頭句直切主題------告知對方信息來源，表明做某種商品交易的意愿.e read your advertisement in the latest china foreign trade and are interested in chinese silk piece goods.結尾句強調主題-----請對方盡快回信反饋所需要的信息。e hope to hear about your quotations soon.4、報盤的業務思路及信的安排

接到對方的詢盤后要及時、有禮貌、有針對性地答復對方詢問的所有信息及提供對方要求的資料。報盤信要使對方感覺到該產品在交易中有吸引力，信中通常包含的內容：主

要的交易條件、發盤的有效期及其他約束條件。

開頭句表達謝意-------對對方某月某日的來函談到對本公司商品趕興趣表示感謝；或告知對方本公司現有某種數量、質量以及價格具有吸引力的商品。e are pleased to receive your fax of april 9 asking for the toy samples and the pricelist.結尾句用促銷語句激勵對方訂貨。eg.i hope you wil find our prices favourable for the good quality shoes.5、主動報盤業務思路及信的安排

主動報盤就是直接向經過選擇的、潛在的、久失聯系的，或者現成的買主出售某種商品信息，實際上，完全是一種促銷的做法。這類報盤信要注重吸引對方的注意力和興趣的方法。例如，免費提供樣品和試銷品、優惠的交易條件、該商品具有的優勢等等。還可以隨函寄去目錄本、價格表等介紹資料。

開頭句告知對方可提供具有一定優勢、可以得到優惠的某種商品。e have recently bought from the producers various ranges of high quality table cloth at low prices.結尾句：促進銷售----以優惠條件鼓勵對方繼續聯系或訂貨。 you are interested,please contact our office in would be plesased to servi you.6、要求降價的還盤業務思路及信的結構安排

買賣雙方對某些交易條件討價還價,去信表明自己的要求或意見就是還盤．為了促進早日成交，還盤還盤信給出適當的理由,選擇適當的角度,提出適當的條件.要求降價就是對價格條件的還盤,這樣的還盤信還要注意表明降價的理由,例如,報價膏腴當地市價,可以用較低的價格獲得類似質量的商品,可以以別的供應商處以較低的價格購進該商品該商品的市場疲軟等，提出降假的幅度。

開頭句----還盤信都是回信，要求降價的還盤信要感謝對方的報盤，接著表達不能接受報價的歉意。 you for your offer of may 15 but regret that your prices are too high.結尾句----強調希望繼續磋商的愿望。e hope to receive your early reply.7、拒絕降價的還盤業務思路及信的結構安排

拒絕降價就是對買方提出的價格條件的否定還盤。這樣的還盤信要注意強調堅持原價，無法降價的理由。例如，正處在銷售旺季，已收到對方所在地區進貨尚的大量訂單、銷售利潤已低至極限，著眼點應在該商品的質量上等等。或者推薦對方購買與所要求價格相近的，價格較低的替代商品。

開頭句----拒絕降價的還盤信要感謝對方的還盤，表達不同意降價的歉意。 we very much thank you for your fax of july 22, we feel regretful there is no possibility of offering you lower prices.結尾句----希望對方考慮、盡早收到訂單、盡管沒成交爭取以后機會的合作等愿望。e are still looking your orders.8、作出降價讓步的還盤業務思路及信的結構安排

作出降價讓步就是對買放提出的價格條件有條件地進行減讓的反還盤。這樣的還盤信要注意堅持原報價的合理性、突出給予降價讓步的動機和意愿。例如，原報價符合市價；考慮到以前獲得的幫助、雙邊的貿易關系；為發展與對方的業務等。還要明確降價的幅度和實現降價的附帶條件：數量折扣、規定日期內訂貨的折扣等。

開頭句----作出降價讓步的還盤信首先感謝對方的還盤，復述對方有關價格的意見.e, are pleased to receive your cable of october is informed that your price for the goods is too high to work on.結尾句敦促對方早日下訂單。we are waiting for your early reply.9、要求提價的還盤業務思路及信的結構安排

對原定價格的提價也是對價格條件的反還盤：由于某些不利因素的影響，賣方對雙方曾經同意的某種商品的價格上調。這樣的還盤新要注意說明提價的客觀性：商品市價在上揚、材料價格上漲、運輸費用的提高等。

開頭句----回信應告知對方要上調價格，表達漲價的歉意。 regret to inform that increase in our prices for the products are unavoidable as the materials have kept rising in the past few months.結尾句----提醒價格上漲是趨勢而且庫存較緊張，說服對方繼續訂貨。 the heavy demand has brought low stock level of our goods, we advise you to accept our prices soon.10、接受邀請函的思路及信的結構安排

接受并答復對方邀請信函時，必須有禮貌地及時給對方完整的答復，以便樹立信譽和給讀者留下良好的印象，這是接受邀請函最重要的作用之一。

信的開頭應向對方表示謝意，并表示愿意與對方建立業務關系，同時表示愿意按對方的要求寄上相應的產品目錄或價目表。信末要說明自己的保證與承諾，以確保對方對本公司的信任，為了樹立良好的信譽，在答復信函時應注意：及時、禮貌和完整。dear sirs,we thank you for your letter of 5th this month,and shall be glad to enter into busineaa relations with ing with your request,we are sending you......payment should be made by an irrevocable and conformed letter of you find business possible,please contact us for dffers.

明確寫作思路篇二

層次1

從個人角度理解了課程學習的必要性。

集團/公司層面，營造了什么的文化氛圍，個人需要從哪幾個方面充分融入這種工作的團隊，與集團共同發展。

從從業理念方面，需要——原則，遵守——基本準則，才能在這條路上穩步發展。

從從業的基本技巧方面，通過什么方法可以收獲更多知識和技能，才能快速成長，公司給的成長空間是多么的大……云云。

層次2

從個人角度理解了工作的基本思路。

工作從幾個方面展開。

其中課程分別針對——層面。

通過課程1——的學習，我了解了（課程內容），這將指導我在（方面）怎樣工作，保證效率和質量。

——課程2

——課程3

層次3

從工作方法和技巧層面。

多課程之間總歸有些融會貫通的地方，通過——的學習，獲得了基本的操作技巧上的指導，有助于我——

并且教會我今后怎樣自主學習，以怎樣的學習方法融入這份工作。

最好提到什么團隊、客戶之類

層次4

備選

通過培訓，認識到個人的一些優勢和不足（慎寫不足，最好是過于認真某個細節，服務態度上尚不夠有經驗等等）。通過培訓，我知道怎樣揚長避短，舉幾個例子，也認識了眾多優秀的老師、同事，感謝——的幫助，我會怎樣——。

感謝有機會參加這樣有邏輯有水平的培訓，受益匪淺，再次感謝老師和戰友。今后保持溝通和交流。

明確寫作思路篇三

談談2012國家公務員申論技巧:公文寫作思路公文寫作在公務員考試申論中的出現不是近來的現象，早在2003年國家公務員考試中就有：

例如：下面提供了兩種講話情境，請任選一種，為設定的發言人擬出一篇現場講話稿或電視講話稿。要求：根據選定情境，自擬標題。講話稿不少于1000字。（2003年國家公務員考試申論試卷第二題）

當年，許多考生無所適從。于是，2004年國家公務員考試中接著再出一道公文寫作題，其中第二題是這樣的：

假設給定資料中有關我國城市交通擁堵的問題在你市都存在，你作為市交通主管部門的負責人，請根據給定資料，寫一份“關于我市交通擁堵情況報告”。

同樣，2004年的許多考生看到這樣的題目也感覺無從下手。因為，畢竟不是每個參加公務員考試的考生都是文秘專業出生。然而，公務員申論考試是沒有明顯的專業傾向性的，所以非文秘專業的考生也不用害怕此類題。這是為什么？

其實，關于這類文章怎么寫，2004年國家公務員考試申論試題第二題的第一個要求是再清楚不過了：“簡要介紹情況，恰當分析原因，提出全面、明確、可行的對策。”簡單說，這篇報告分三步寫：現狀--原因--對策；往深處說，也就是說這篇報告的主體同樣要遵循申論寫作的基本要求：提出問題--分析問題--解決問題；套用公文寫作的一套術語就是：背景--事由--事項。

由此，考生可能覺得公文寫作和傳統寫作一個樣。其實并不盡然。

下面，結合申論考試的要求，談幾個方面的區別：第一，公文寫作的標題是規范化的。除考試已經給出標題外，如果讓考生自擬標題，一般情況下，標題的擬制要符合公文寫作的一般要求，即按照“發文機關+事由+文種”方法擬制。第二，公文寫作正文的前面，有的要加主送機關（俗稱 “抬頭”），有的要加稱謂，如公開信。第三，公文寫作的結尾模式化，通常稱為結語，如“報告”中的“特此報告”，批復中的“此復”等。而這種結語在申論考試中一般是不作要求的。只是倡議書、公開信和宣傳綱要這種宣傳類的文書才會對結語有要求，這些文書通常需要有一個號召性的結尾。

所以，如果考生熟悉國家公務員考試2003年和2004年這兩年試題中的公文寫作思路，那么2010年國家公務員考試綜合管理試卷第三題要求考生“假設你是沿海某省省政府工作人員，請結合給定資料，草擬一份《關于將半島藍色經濟區納入國家發展戰略的報告》的內容要點”，行政執法類試卷第三題，“a市市政府準備大力宣傳推進對近海水域的污染整治工作，請你結合給定資料，以市政府工作人員的身份，草擬一份宣傳綱要”，就不會感覺為

難了。因為前一篇報告的內容要點，其實就是一篇具體而微之的報告，只是每部分的內容要點不必展開罷了；后一篇宣傳綱要，除了背景、事由和事項外，應當加上一個號召性的結尾才符合宣傳類公文寫作的要求。而可惜的是，2010年這類題的均分是8分多一點，原因是許多考生誤將這類題當成是單純的寫作題。

同理，2011年國家公務員考試行政執法類試卷中的“公開信”寫作，2011年江蘇等省公務員聯合考試試卷中有“意見”寫作，也是要遵循這樣的一個基本寫作思路。而對于未來申論中的公文寫作，廣大考生也應當以此為鑒。

明確寫作思路篇四

寫作思路

people think that it is beneficial for students to go to private secondary schools, but other people think that it can have a negative s the two points and give your own opinion?

私立學校優點：

academic and extracurricular programs

r classroom size

dual attention from teachers

teaching to suit students, it may have one-to-one tutorial

sional teaching staff, have expertise in teaching and disciplining students

dropout rates and less on-campus violence

私立學校的缺點：

n fees are astronomical, they are unaffordable for much of the population

ts show off material wealth, it may lead to polarization among students

ts feel superior to others, it may result in disrespect to other members of society or even seems that with the increase in use of mobile phones and computers, fewer people prefer to write the skill of writing disappear completely? 寫作技能消失的理由：

, time is phones and computers increase the proportion of oral communications, and they improve the efficiency and no longer focus on the writing skills or techniques, but the convenience and high speed.寫作技能不會消失的理由：

, text message and letter are different forms of communication, so it requires the senders use language properly, and convey messages clearly and though people choose email or cell phone to send message, they still need to pay attention to the technique of as providing adequate explanation, arranging and expressing thoughts logically, giving correct and complete details, using neutral or warm tone, maintaining interest by varying vocabulary and sentence of these are the writing skills and techniques.3.a country becomes more interesting and develops more quickly when its population includes a mixture of nationalities and what extent do you agree or disagree?

多元文化的好處：

ence has shown that a society with different cultures encourage racial and ethnic harmony and cross-cultural understanding, and discourage hatred, discrimination and ulturalism ensures that all citizens can keep their identities, can take pride in their ancestry and have a sense of encourages people to integrate into the society and take an active part in its social, cultural, economic and political kind of multi-cultural country gives people a feeling of security and self-confidence, making them more open to and accepting spanerse cultures.多元文化的不利之處：

existence of widely differing views, values and mindsets make balancing spanersity and unity even more , religious and ethnic intolerance and disharmony may lead to violence and have different expectation for people prefer to do the same job for the same company, and some people rather than change the job the advantages outweigh the disadvantage?

換工作的好處：

the present job cannot make the best use of one’s ability, improve skills and gain new ing job can make a person acquire a wide array of technical skills, and enhance his/her terms of career survival, there is no room for complacency, everyone should take on challenges and seize g the current employer will bring a person a sense of anticipation, and generate an enthusiasm to learn.換工作的壞處：

if a person changes his/her job, he/she have to adjust to the new /she may not get along well with new colleagues and nt job hopping reflects the job candidate’s lower resilience and loyalty, he/she may lack self inspaniduals who change their jobs so often cannot have enough time to gain experiences and on-the-job skill, so the employers may not willing to hire gap of living in cities and the countryside is larger and are the reasons in your country and how to reduce the differences?

城鄉差距的原因：

the income gap between urban residents and rural resident has resulted in the disproportion of wealth yside has lower access to education, and it causes higher l resources concentrated in cities, the eruption of disease leads to productivity yside lacks all kind of basic facilities and services, such as electricity and fuel supply, access to telephone and internet,解決方法：

the government should make preferential policies to boost rural invest more funds and human resource in the infrastructure, to improve roads, streets, enhance scientific and cultural quality of rural offer more job opportunities, and raise people think schools should select pupils according to their academic ability, and others believe pupils with different abilities should be educated s both views and give your opinion.分班教育：

ent children need varying degrees of will understand the material by themselves with minimum guidance, others need the lesson broken down into small will be the best if they are grouped by types and levels of their abilities and given different instructions are many difficulties in the realization: having troublemakers, learning disabled, and the gifted in the same classroom, too chaotic, time-consuming.*if we go too far with this kind of education, the educational system will finally end up in a chaos resulting from too much spanersity of inspanidual needs and interests.共同學習：

1.a classroom reflects the rich spanersity of the heterogeneous classroom, the perspective, experiences, and backgrounds of all students are valued for enriching students collaborate, each inspanidual has the opportunity to make a ne learns from everyone else.ts are exposed to a variety of types people which adds to their social can grow up to be more socially competent ing students with academic performance is in itself a kind of students identified academically “inferior” and spanided into a lower-class might live their entire lives in this only will they get laughed at by their academically “superior” peers, but their parents or even the kids themselves will think of themselves order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak what extent do you agree or disagree?

學習文化的重要性

understanding one culture can facilitate the learning of a can apply language on various social occasions

it can motivate the enthusiasm of the learners

develop cross-cultural communication skills and sensitivity

deeper understanding of the local culture and lifestyle of the ge is more than rules, syntax, and too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long have people failed to improve this situation? what are your suggestions?

物種滅絕的原因

lack environmental awareness, and they have no knowledge about the correlation of living species and are no enough technology and fund to establish perfect s and plants are treated as resources of human purpose.(such as food, clothes and other kinds of garnish)

population explosion results in shrinking space for habitats.解決方法：

ment should establish such organizations to raise fund, and provide financial aid for conservation can launch campaigns for animal welfare, and raise the consciousness of species sful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important people think this is fully justified while others think it is s both these views and give your own opinion.體育明星拿高薪是正當的：

to the efforts and devotion, the medals and honors can be gained in national or even international benefit the society in their own way: popularize sports, present the notion of power, courage and have to retire when they are young, so high salary ensures that they can have good lives.認為不正當：

who take other significant jobs such as doctors, lawyers, teachers and scientists contribute considerably to the society, but they may not get high sports encourage people to experience violence, and set a bad example for the general sports stars become the mouthpiece of companies or product due to their attractive appearances or their reputation, they easily earn a great deal of money, it seems people said the government shouldn't put money on building theaters and sports stadiums;they should spend more money on medical care and or not disagree?

政府投資教育和醫療的好處：

education can assist people to break the cycle of the government does not give financial aid to poor children, they may remain poor throughout their lifespan and even across education will improve productivities of inspaniduals, so it will enhance the productivity of a has far-reaching effects on prosperity of a high quality and availability of health care will win the loyalty of local community.政府投資體育設施或歌劇院的好處：

art is essential to modern life, and it is central to a civilized and art provide a positive outlet for human and art meet human’s spiritual needs, and enhance our cultural life.