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答案：

The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor.

Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.

貧窮線是指維持一般生活水準所需的最低收入。收入低于這個標準的人被bai認為是貧困的。經濟學家研究產生貧困的原因來找出解決這個問題的方法。

As the general standard of living in the country rises,the poverty line does,too.由于國內一般生活水平上升，貧困線同樣在上升。Therefore,ever with today’s relatively high standard of living ,about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line.因此，以如今相對較高的生活水平來說，約10%的美國人在貧困線以下。However,if these people had stable jobs,they could have an acceptable standard of living.但是，如果這些人能有份穩(wěn)定的工作，他們就能有個可接受的生活水平。Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs經濟學家提出了幾點為什么窮人沒有工作的原因。

For one thing,more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. 一方面，在美國多于一半窮人達不到工作的標準。Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. 大于百分之四十的窮人是兒童。By law,children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries.法律規(guī)定，不到16歲的兒童不能在許多行業(yè)內工作。A large number of poor people are old. 大量的窮人是老人。Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old,the normal retirement age. 許多公司不雇用超過一般退休年齡65的人。

Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons:they are sick,they do not have any motivation(動力)，they have family problems,or they do not believe that they can find a job. 一些成年的窮人因為不同的個人原因而不找工作：他們有病，他們一點動力都沒有，他們又家庭問題，又或者他們不相信他們能找到工作。

Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one.Many poor adults never went to high school.Therefore,when they look for jobs,they have few skills that they can offer.另一些窮人去找工作但是找不到。許多貧窮的成年人從來沒上過中學。所以當他們找工作時，他們沒有很多的技能去提供。

At the present time,the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways.First,if the national economy grows,businesses and industries will hire more workers.Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment.Then they will no longer be below the poverty line.

目前，政府認為可以用以下方法來削減國內貧困。首先，如果國家經濟增長，商業(yè)和工業(yè)會雇用更多的工人。一些達到招收標準的窮人也許會找到工作。那么這些人就不會繼續(xù)處在貧困線以下了。

Second,if society invests in the poor,the poor will become more productive.If the government spends money on social programs,education,and training for poor people,the poor will have the skills to offer,and then it is more likely that they can find jobs.

第二，如果社會投入在貧困人口。這些貧困人口會更有生產力。如果政府在社會的項目(社會保障)，教育和培訓貧困人口上花錢。這些貧困人口就會有技能去提供，這樣他們就更有可能找到工作。

Finally,if the government distributes society’s income differently,it will raise some poor people above the poverty line.The government collects taxes from the non—poor and gives money to the poor.These payments to the poor are called welfare.In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.

最后，如果政府用不同的方法分配社會收入，就會提升一些貧困人口到貧困線之上。政府從非貧困人群中收稅并補助窮人。這些補助窮人的款項被稱為救濟金。在1975年在美國超過1.8億人領到了救濟金。

Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem.However,at the present time,many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.

一些經濟學家正在尋找更好的解決貧困的方法。但是，目前許許多多人靠著救濟金才能過上最低標準的生活。